Where most of the focus today is an the use and disposal of a given item, the creation of that item can be far more impactful.
There are social considerations that come into play as well. The impact on the human condition from the extraction, production of a resource as well as the eventual destruction or deconstruction. Species extintion, and consequential damage to ecosystems, these considerations must be accounted for.
Really, this is an extension of environmental economics, which factor in externalities or societal impacts and attempts to value non-tangibles such as an ecosystem. Rather than an attempt at monetary value, with a pure rating system, it becomes a series of trade-offs.
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